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What does pronation refer to?

  1. Turning upward

  2. Turning inward

  3. Turning outward

  4. Turning downward

The correct answer is: Turning downward

Pronation refers to the act of turning a body part downward. In anatomical terms, this is commonly used to describe the orientation of the forearm and the palm. When the palm faces downward or backward, it is in a pronated position. This concept is crucial for understanding body mechanics and movement, particularly in clinical and caregiving settings, such as those a Certified Nursing Assistant may encounter. Understanding pronation helps in providing proper care and executing tasks safely, especially when assisting with mobility.